Understanding the various types of home inspections is crucial for buyers. While a standard home inspection provides a detailed report, it may not uncover everything. Depending on factors such as age, location, and condition, additional inspections might be necessary. Common specialized inspections include radon testing, termite inspection, mold inspection, and foundation inspection. Let’s explore what a home inspection typically covers and why your inspector might recommend or you might consider these additional inspections.
What types of services are included in a home inspection?
A home inspection encompasses a thorough visual examination of accessible areas of the property. However, certain factors may limit the inspection, such as hidden pest infestations and areas that are challenging to access safely (e.g., well and chimney interiors).
The following are key components typically included in a comprehensive home inspection:
- Structural elements, including floors, walls, ceilings, and stairs.
- Exterior features such as siding, attached decks, and porches.
- Roof condition and integrity.
- Plumbing system assessment.
- Evaluation of heating and air conditioning systems.
- Inspection of major appliances.
- Assessment of ventilation systems.
- Evaluation of insulation.
- Analysis of fireplaces and wood stoves.
- Examination of windows and doors.
By conducting a meticulous inspection of these components, home inspectors help ensure a comprehensive understanding of the property’s condition.
Various Categories of Home Inspections
There are various types of home inspections that can be conducted based on the findings. In addition, your home inspector may suggest further inspections as necessary. They may also advise seeking expertise from tradespeople to evaluate any identified issues, such as having an electrician assess faulty wiring.
Home Inspection for Radon
Radon, an odorless and colorless gas, is produced by the gradual breakdown of radioactive elements in the Earth. It can be released from well water, building materials, and soil, and can enter your home through cracks. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the surgeon general’s office have estimated that radon exposure, second only to smoking, is the leading cause of lung cancer in the U.S. Remarkably, it is present everywhere, with roughly 1 in 15 homes having elevated radon levels, according to the EPA.
While long-term radon testing, conducted over a period of 90 days, is generally recommended, it may not be feasible when you’re in the process of closing on a home. So, what can you do in such situations?
Firstly, inquire with the seller about any previous radon test results they may have. These results can serve as a useful point of comparison. Regardless, you can always conduct a new short-term test. A professional radon inspector can provide results within days by conducting a 48-hour test. Alternatively, you can opt for an off-the-shelf radon testing kit, but you’ll need to send the device to a lab and wait for the results.
If the test results indicate elevated radon levels or if you’re unsure about the accuracy of DIY testing, consider reaching out to the National Radon Proficiency Program or the National Radon Safety Board to find a certified professional. These organizations’ credentialing programs are recognized by the EPA, which is particularly helpful since not all states require licensing for radon inspectors. On average, professional radon testing costs a few hundred dollars.
Home Inspection for Wood-destroying organisms (WDO)
A wood-destroying organism (WDO) inspection, commonly known as a termite inspection, is essential to ensure that your prospective home doesn’t already have six-legged tenants. Termites, wood-boring beetles, and carpenter ants are among the most concerning culprits. However, WDO inspectors also examine for dry rot caused by fungi.
In many states, a WDO inspection is mandatory for closing on a home. Even outside of these states, certain cities or counties may require one. If you’re utilizing a VA loan or FHA loan, a WDO inspection may be necessary regardless of location.
During a WDO inspection, the inspector carefully searches for signs of active infestation, such as shed termite wings, as well as evidence of past infestations, like soft wood. Additionally, potential trouble spots, such as crevices or gaps that pests could exploit, are identified. A comprehensive report with detailed findings and recommendations for addressing any issues is provided.
To find a licensed inspector or exterminator, the National Pest Management Association is an excellent resource to start with. The International Association of Certified Home Inspectors also licenses WDO inspectors. While the cost of termite inspections can vary, it typically ranges around $100.
Home Inspection for Mold
When it comes to mold testing, the EPA recommends a simple rule of thumb: if you see mold, you have mold, and immediate remediation may be necessary. However, if you have concerns about hidden mold that you can’t detect by sight or smell, a professional home mold inspection might be the way to go.
During a mold inspection, a certified mold inspector utilizes a moisture meter to identify dampness in drywall, insulation, and other building materials. Additionally, they may collect air samples from both inside and outside the home.
To locate a certified mold inspector in your area, consider reaching out to the National Organization of Remediators and Mold Inspectors (NORMI). Keep in mind that the cost of mold inspection can vary based on the size of the home, with prices ranging from $200 to over $600.
Home Inspection for the Foundation
A home inspector examines the foundation of a house and identifies potential issues such as drainage problems, tree roots in close proximity, cracks, or any signs of movement. If any concerns arise, the inspector may recommend getting the property assessed by a residential structural engineer.
A structural engineer can conduct a thorough inspection of the foundation, diagnose the underlying causes of any problems, and provide explanations on how to address them. Before hiring an engineer, it is advisable to verify their credentials with your state’s licensing board. The National Society of Professional Engineers website offers a comprehensive list of links for this purpose. The cost of a foundation inspection may vary depending on your location, but it typically ranges around $500.
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